Buddham

  The word 'context' comes from the root words con means together and texere means to weave. So, joining both, we get  weaving together . The context means a background or a setting which is attached to the actual information that one intends to give. When someone says, "I am busy today.", it means the main information is: I am busy, and the context is : today. As a context is the environment or setting in which something exists or happens, this means by adding context to our information, we intend to convey that what we are speaking is true for the given context. Hence, a text should be understood in a context. More specifically, a context is the place or the time of an event.  - People of various religions live in India . (the text is:  People of various religions live , and the context is:  in India. Here,  ' in India' shows the place of the event.) -  India got freedom in 1947.  (the text is:  India got freedom , and the context is:...

The tone of a passage is the reflection of the author's intent or emotion. So, to understand the tone of a passage, it is important to know various emotions. As we use different emojis to reflect different moods, we may also learn words that depict different human emotions.   There are broadly two types of tones: 1. Objective: when an author presents the facts or situations without adding his/ her emotion or opinion, the tone is objective. Example: He is a student. (Here, the author presents the fact objectively without giving his/ her opinion about the person) 2. Subjective: when an author expresses his opinion about someone or something, the tone is subjective. Examples:  - He is a good student. ((Here, the author expresses a sense of approval about the person, hence the tone is positive. ) - He is a bad  student. ((Here, the author expresses a sense of disapproval about the person, hence the tone is negative .) To understand the tone of a sentence, we should ca...

An adjective/ an adverb has three degrees: positive, comparative & superlative. Today, we will learn how to convert one degree to another one. The change of degree comes under the transformation of sentences. When we transform sentences, we do not change their meaning. We just change their pattern. At first, we would see how to change positive degree to comparative and vice versa. A. Positive to Comparative (a) John is as good as Jack. - Positive                                    ↓      Jack is not better than John. - Comparative (b)   Shyam is not as tall as Rohan.  - Positive                                    ↓      Rohan is taller than Shyam.  - Comparative Steps :  Interchange the positions of Subjects. Change affirmative...

To learn English composition, it is important to know various types of sentences. We should also learn how to form these sentences. Let us see the following sentences: He plays football. - ( Simple sentence ) He plays football, and his brother supports him. - ( Compound sentence ) He plays football, when he gets time. - ( Complex sentence ) The first sentence is very simple, and it has only one finite verb ' plays '. A finite verb is a verb-form that shows agreement with the subject. In this sentence, the verb ' plays ' agrees with the singular subject 'He'. So, He plays football is a simple sentence .  And we can say: A simple sentence is a single sentence. Further, the second and the third sentences are formed by combining two sentences each. The second sentence has two finite verbs: plays and supports . The third sentence also has two finite verbs: plays and gets . So, there are not simple sentences. The second is a compound sentence, and the third is a co...

  Analysis and Synthesis of a Sentence: Analysis and synthesis are two important processes in a language. Analyse is 'to break'; whereas synthesize is 'to join'. So, analysis means the examination of elements or structure of the given contents; on the other hand, synthesis means the combination of elements, ideas and beliefs. The analysis of a sentence helps in: - parsing a sentence (parsing is identifying the parts of speech of the words of a sentence.) - spotting error in a sentence - interpretation of a particular part of a sentence - classifying the sentence into simple, compound or complex category The synthesis of a sentence helps in:  - framing correct sentences of all types such as simple, compound or complex - composing our ideas, opinion, reports - writing essay, paragraph, letter, report - developing fluency in language. Analysis When we analyse a sentence, we do the detailed examination of each and every part of a sentence/ a paragraph. At a time, we examine...

  Hyperbole is a figure of speech. It is an exaggerated and unbelievable statement.  We often use hyperbolic statements to create strong impressions. Examples: - The sea will fill with his tears. - He can not live without her. - I will keep loving you in seven lives. - Even if I die, I will continue to love you.

Metaphor and Simile are figures of speech.  Metaphor is an implied comparison. In  a metaphor, there is no use of 'as' or 'like'. Examples:  Beware of him, he is a fox. ( It does not really mean that he is a fox. The sentence implies that he is a cunning person.) She is a blooming rose. (This means that she is young and beautiful.) A camel is the ship of the desert. (The sense is that as a ship carries people and goods at sea, a camel carries them in a desert.) Simile is a stated comparison. In  a simile, 'as' or 'like' is used. Examples:  He is as good as gold. (His goodness is compared with the goodness of gold). The matter is as clear as crystal. (The clarity of the matter is compared with the clarity of crystal). The hoary head of his grandpa looks like a snow-capped peak of a mountain. (The appearance of his grandpa's head is being compared with the appearance of a snow- covered mountain peak.)

  "Has anyone seen God?", "Can anyone fight with a lion?', "Is anyone mortal?", "Do you ever care for me?", "Have I ever troubled you?". Look at the above-given sentences which look like questions. But, are they questions, or they are answers? These are implied answers. When you use these sentences, you actually mean to say: "No one has seen God.", "No one can fight with a lion.", "No one is mortal.", "You do not care for me.", and "I have never troubled you.". Such questions are called rhetorical questions. A rhetorical question is a question that is asked in order to create a dramatic effect rather than to get an answer. Most of us use it in our daily conversations to convey our thought in a dramatic style. It is also an effective tool for writers to grab readers' attention.  It is good to be assertive. But, at times, you should use rhetorical questions. Buddham encourages you to im...